Percent of ivcd vs rbbb crt3/1/2023 ![]() In this paper we discuss the potential value of different imaging modalities and ECG parameters in predicting CRT response. Albeit the clinical response to CRT is evident in the majority of case, the lack of response still seen in approximately one-third of patients. The efficacy of such therapy was demonstrated in patients with moderate and severe heart failure and more recently patient with mild heart failure symptoms. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been shown to improve symptoms, quality of life, and survival and to enhance reverse remodeling in appropriately selected patients. In addition to medical therapy, implantable device therapy has become a standard therapy for refractory heart failure. Left bundle branch block (LBBB) and wide QRS complex are surrogates of left ventricular dyssynchrony that are commonly found in heart failure patients, and their presences associated with increased mortality. ![]() The incidence of heart failure increases with age, with approximately 10 in every 1,000 at age above 65 years being affected. In the United States it is estimated that 5.1 million people have HF. Heart failure is estimated to affect more than 23 million people worldwide with an approximately 2 million new cases diagnosed annually. In this paper we summarize the usefulness of different diagnostic modalities with special emphasis on the role of surface electrocardiogram as a major predictor of response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. Hence, many diagnostic tests have been used to predict the response and prognosis after cardiac resynchronization therapy. Resynchronization therapy is a major advancement in heart failure management, but unfortunately not all patients respond to this therapy. Cardiac dyssynchrony is common among patients with advanced heart failure. Heart failure affects millions of patients all over the world, and its treatment is a major clinical challenge.
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